About

internet reasoning service logo colour

The Internet Reasoning Service (IRS) was KMi’s Semantic Web Services framework, designed to enable applications to semantically describe and execute web services. It provided semantic reasoning services within the Semantic Web context.

Implementations

Two versions of IRS were developed:

  • IRS-II, which was applied in the MIAKT Project.
  • IRS-III, which was used in projects such as DIP, Super, Luisa, LHDL, and the WSMO Working Group.

IRS Framework

The IRS framework consisted of three main components that communicated via SOAP:

irs framework diagram colour
  • IRS Server: Stored descriptions of Semantic Web Services at the knowledge level in OCML, using mappings to connect descriptions to specific web services.
  • IRS Publisher: Linked web services to semantic descriptions within the server and generated wrappers for standalone Lisp or Java code, allowing invocation through WSDL.
  • IRS Client: Enabled capability-driven invocation, where a user requested a task, and the server selected and executed the appropriate web service.

IRS-II Approach

IRS-II followed the UPML framework, developed in the IBROW project. UPML structured knowledge into:

  • Domain models (describing the application domain, e.g., vehicles, diseases).
  • Task models (defining inputs, outputs, goals, and conditions).
  • Problem Solving Methods (PSMs) (describing reasoning processes like heuristic classification).
  • Bridges (mapping different model components, e.g., linking heuristic classification to a taxonomy).

Each model type (task, PSM, domain) was supported by relevant ontologies.

An example of how a knowledge based application would be created out of reusable components within the UPML Framework colour

IRS-III Approach

IRS-III extended IRS-II to support WSMO-based Semantic Web Services with several improvements:

  • Expanded knowledge models to include goal models, mediator models, and web service models.
  • Implemented and extended the WSMO ontology in OCML.
  • Developed a WSMO-specific Java API.
  • Customized the IRS browser to reflect WSMO.

The WebOnto tool was previously used to visualise and edit IRS-III ontologies in OCML but was no longer operational.

Availability

IRS was open-sourced under a BSD-like license and made available on GitHub. Older versions included Java clients, documentation, and repository plug-ins for WSMO Studio.

Team

John Domingue

Neil Benn

Liliana Cabral

Stefan Dietze

Dave Lambert

Enrico Motta

Carlos Pedrinaci

Publications

Pedrinaci, C., Domingue, J. and Sheth, A. Semantic Web Services, in eds. John Domingue, Dieter Fensel and James Hendler, Handbook of Semantic Web Technologies, 2, Springer.

Dietze, S., Gugliotta, A., Domingue, J. and Mrissa, M.Mediation Spaces for Similarity-based Semantic Web Services Selection, International Journal of Web Services Research (IJWSR), Volume 8, Issue 1 (2011), IGI Global.

Dietze, S., Gugliotta, A., Domingue, J., Yu, H.Q. and Mrissa, M.An automated Approach to Semantic Web Services Mediation, Springer Service-Oriented Computing & Applications (SOCA), Vol. 4, Issue 4 (2010), pp. 261, Springer.

Lambert, D. and Domingue, J.Photorealistic Semantic Web Service Groundings: Unifying RESTful and XML-RPC Groundings Using Rules, with an Application to Flickr, The 4th International Web Rule Symposium (RULEML 2010), Alexandria, VA, USA.

Dietze, S., Benn, N., Yu, H.Q., Pedrinaci, C., Siebes, R., Liu, D. and Domingue, J.Towards two-stage service representation & reasoning: from lightweight annotations to comprehensive semantics, Poster at EKAW2010 – 17th International Conference on Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management, Lisbon, Portugal.

Makni, B., Dietze, S. and Domingue, J.Towards a hybrid Semantic Web Services approach, Poster at Proceedings of the Royal Society Discussion Meeting ‘Web Science: A New Frontier’, London, UK.

Makni, B., Dietze, S. and Domingue, J.Towards Semantic TV Services – A Hybrid Semantic Web Services Approach, Doctoral Consortium, Future Internet Symposium 2010, Berlin, Germany.

Lambert, D., Benn, N. and Domingue, J.Integrating Heterogeneous Web Service Styles with Flexible Semantic Web Services Groundings, Workshop: 1st International Future Enterprise Systems Workshop (FES2010) at 3rd Future Internet Symposium (FIS2010), Berlin, Germany.

Yu, H.Q., Benn, N., Dietze, S., Siebes, R., Pedrinaci, C., Liu, D. and Domingue, J.Two-staged approach for semantically annotating and brokering TV-related services, The IEEE International Conference on Web Services (ICWS), Miami, Florida.

Yu, H.Q., Dietze, S. and Benn, N.Semantic TV-resources brokering towards future television, Workshop: The 1st NoTube Workshop on Future Television: integrating the Social and Semantic Web at EuroITV 2010 – 8th European Conference on Interactive TV and Video, Tampere, Finland.

Yu, H.Q. and Makni, B.Semantic TV-Services Brokering Towards Future Television, Poster at STI International Symposium 2010, Crete, Greece.

Krummenacher, R., Domingue, J., Pedrinaci, C. and Simperl, E. SOA4All: Towards a Global Service Delivery Platform, in eds. Georgios Tselentis, Alex Galis, Anastasius Gavras, Srdjan Krco, Volkmar Lotz, Elena Simperl, Burkhard Stiller, Theodore Zahariadis, Towards the Future Internet – Emerging Trends from European Research, IOS Press.

Dietze, S., Domingue, J., Mrissa, M. and Gugliotta, A. Context-Aware Semantic Web Service Discovery through Metric-based Situation Representations, in eds. Quan Z. Sheng, Jian Yu, Schahram Dustdar, Enabling Context-Aware Web Services: Methods, Architectures, and Technologies, Chapman & Hall / CRC Press.

Pedrinaci, C., Grenon, P., Galizia, S., Gugliotta, A. and Domingue, J. A Knowledge-Based Framework for Web Service Adaptation to Context, in eds. Michael Sheng, Jian Yu, and Schahram Dustdar, Enabling Context-Aware Web Services: Methods, Architectures, and Technologies, Chapman and Hall/CRC.

Cabral, L. and Domingue, J.Translating Semantic Web Service Based Business Process Models, Workshop: Semantic Web Services in Practice (SWSIP) 2009 at IEEE APSCC 2009, Singapore, IEEE Computer Society.

Dietze, S., Benn, N., Domingue, J., Conconi, A. and Cattaneo, F.Two-Fold Semantic Web Service.

Matchmaking – Applying Ontology Mapping for Service Discovery, 4th Asian Semantic Web Conference, Shanghai, China.

Dietze, S., Benn, N., Domingue, J., Conconi, A. and Cattaneo, F.Interoperable Multimedia Metadata through Similarity-based Semantic Web Service Discovery, SAMT 2009, The 4th International Conference on Semantic and Digital Media Technologies, Graz, Austria.

Cabral, L., Norton , B. and Domingue, J.The Business Process Modelling Ontology, Workshop: Semantic Business Process Management (SBPM 2009) at European Semantic Web Conference – ESWC 2009, Greece, ACM International Conference Proceeding Series. ACM Press.

Aroyo, L., Nixon, L. and Dietze, S.Television and the Future Internet: the NoTube project, Poster at Future Internet Symposium (FIS) 2009, Berlin, Germany.

Dietze, S., Orthuber, W. and Domingue, J.Blending the Physical and the Digital through Conceptual Spaces, Workshop: OneSpace 2009 at Future Internet Symposium (FIS) 2009, Berlin, Germany.

Domingue, J. and Fensel, D.PSMs in a Global Networked Age, AIEDAM Special Issue Problem Solving Methods: Past, Present and Future, 23, 3, Cambridge University Press.

Dietze, S., Gugliotta, A. and Domingue, J.Exploiting Metrics for Similarity-based Semantic Web Service Discovery, IEEE 7th International Conference on Web Services (ICWS 2009), Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Dietze, S. and Domingue, J.Enriching Service Semantics through Conceptual Vector Spaces, Workshop: Workshop on Ontology, Conceptualization and Epistemology for Information Systems, Software Engineering and Service Science (ONTOSE’09) at The 21st International Conference on Advanced Information Systems (CAiSE’09), Amsterdam, NL.

Aroyo, L., Conconi, A., Dietze, S., Kaptein, A., Nixon, L., Nufer, C., Palmisano, D., Vignaroli, L. and Yankova, M.NoTube – Making TV a Medium for Personalized Interaction, EuroITV 2009, Leuven, Belgium.

Dietze, S. and Domingue, J.Towards Context-aware Multimedia Processing through Semantic Web Services, EuroITV 2009, Leuven, Belgium.

Pedrinaci, C. and Domingue, J.Ontology-based Metrics Computation for Business Process Analysis, Workshop: 4th International Workshop on Semantic Business Process Management (SBPM2009) at The 6th European Semantic Web Conference (ESWC2009), Heraklion, Greece.

Mrissa, M., Dietze, S., Thiran, P., Ghedira, C., Benslimane, D. and Maamar, Z.Context-based Semantic Mediation in Web Service Communities Context-based Semantic Mediation in Web Service Communities, in eds. Irvine King, Ricardo Baeza-Yates, Weaving Services, Location, and People on the WWW, Springer.

Norton, B., Cabral, L. and Nitzsche, J.Ontology-based Translation of Business Process Models, The Fourth International Conference on Internet and Web Applications and Services (ICIW 2009), Venice, Italy, IEEE Computer Society.

Domingue, J., Fensel, D., Davies, J., Gonzlez-Cabero, R. and Pedrinaci, C. The Service Web: a Web of Billions of Services, in eds. G. Tselentis, J. Domingue, A. Galis, A. Gavras, D. Hausheer, S. Krco, V. Lotz and T. Zehariadis, Towards a Future Internet: a European Research Perspective, IOS, Press.

Dietze, S. and Tanasescu, V.Spatial Groundings for meaningful Symbols, Workshop: Workshop on Matching and Meaning 2009 at AISB Convention, Edinburgh, UK.

Kopecky, J. and Pedrinaci, C.Lightweight Semantic Extensions for SOA, SemanticUniverse.com.

Gugliotta, A., Domingue, J., Tanasescu, V., Villarias, L., Davies, R., Rowlatt, M., Richardson, M. and Stincic, S.Enabling Data, Information, and Process Integration with Semantic Web Services: from a New Technology Infrastructure to a Compelling Demonstrator Enabling Data, Information, and Process Integration with Semantic Web Services: from a New Technology Infrastructure to a Compelling Demonstrator., in eds. E. di Nitto, P. Traverso, A. Sassen, A. Zwegers, At your service: An overview of results of projects in the field of service engineering of the IST programme, MIT Press Series on Information Systems.

Lambert, D. and Domingue, J.Grounding semantic web services with rules, Workshop: Semantic Web Applications and Perspectives, Rome, Italy.

Galizia, S., Gugliotta, A. and Pedrinaci, C.A Formal Model for Classifying Trusted Semantic Web Services, Asian Semantic Web Conference (ASWC), Bangkok – Thailand.

Dietze, S. and Domingue, J.Exploiting Conceptual Spaces for Ontology Integration, Workshop: Data Integration through Semantic Technology (DIST2008) Workshop at 3rd Asian Semantic Web Conference (ASWC) 2008, Bangkok, Thailand.

Norton, B., Pedrinaci, C., Henocque, L. and Kleiner, M.3-Level Behavioural Models for Semantic Web Services, International Transactions on Systems Science and Applications, 4, 4, pp. 340-355.

Pedrinaci, C., Lambert, D., Wetzstein, B., Lessen, T., Cekov, L. and Dimitrov, M.SENTINEL: A Semantic Business Process Monitoring Tool, Workshop: Ontology-supported Business Intelligence (OBI2008) at 7th International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC2008), Karlsruhe, Germany.

Dietze, S. and Domingue, J.Towards Ontology Interoperability through Conceptual Groundings, Workshop: The Third International Workshop on Ontology Matching at 7th International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC-2008), Karlsruhe, Germany.

Galizia, S. and Gugliotta, A.A Framework for Selecting Trusted Semantic Web Services, Future Internet Symposium, Vienna – Austria.

Dietze, S., Gugliotta, A. and Domingue, J.Bridging the Gap between Mobile Application Contexts and Semantic Web Resources Bridging the Gap between Mobile Application Contexts and Semantic Web Resources, in eds. Dragan Stojanovic, Context-Aware Mobile and Ubiquitous Computing for Enhanced Usability: Adaptive Technologies and Applications, IGI Global.

Dietze, S., Gugliotta, A. and Domingue, J.Supporting Interoperability and Context-Awareness in E-Learning through Situation-driven Learning Processes, Special Issue on Web-based Learning of International Journal of Distance Education Technologies (JDET), IGI Global.

Pedrinaci, C., Brelage, C., Lessen, T., Domingue, J., Karastoyanova, D. and Leymann, F.Semantic Business Process Management: Scaling up the Management of Business Processes, 2nd IEEE International Conference on Semantic Computing (ICSC) 2008, IEEE Computer Society.

Domingue, J., Fensel, D. and Gonzalez-Cabero, R.SOA4All, Enabling the SOA Revolution on a World Wide Scale, Second IEEE International Conference on Semantic Computing (ICSC 2008), Santa Clara, CA, USA.

Gugliotta, A., Dietze, S. and Domingue, J.A Situations & Goals Semantic Model for Designing and Implementing Semantic Web Services-based Processes, IEEE International Conference on Services Computing (SCC 2008).

Dietze, S., Gugliotta, A. and Domingue, J.Situation-Driven Processes for Semantic Web Services, 5th International Conference on Service Systems and Service Management (ICSSSM’08), Melbourne, Australia.

Dietze, S., Gugliotta, A. and Domingue, J.Conceptual Situation Spaces for Situation-Driven Processes, 5th European Semantic Web Conference (ESWC), Tenerife, Spain.

Dietze, S., Gugliotta, A. and Domingue, J.Fuzzy Context Adaptation through Conceptual Situation Spaces, 2008 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE 2008) within 2008 IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence (IEEE WCCI2008), Hong Kong.

Pedrinaci, C., Domingue, J. and Medeiros, A.A Core Ontology for Business Process Analysis, 5th European Semantic Web Conference 2008, Tenerife, Spain, eds. Sean Bechhofer, Manfred Hauswirth, Joerg Hoffmann, Manolis Koubarakis.

Tanasescu, V. and Domingue, J.A Differential Notion of Place for Local Search, Workshop: First International Workshop on Location and the Web (LocWeb 2008) at First International Workshop on Location and the Web (LocWeb 2008) in conjunction with the WWW 2008 Conference, Beijing, China.

Dietze, S., Gugliotta, A. and Domingue, J.Mobile Situation Spaces, Workshop: International Workshop on the Role of Services, Ontologies, and Context in Mobile Environments (RoSOC-M ’08) at The 9th International Conference on Mobile Data Management (MDM’08), Beijing, China.

Dietze, S., Gugliotta, A. and Domingue, J.Towards Context-aware Semantic Web Service Discovery through Conceptual Situation Spaces, Workshop: International Workshop on Context enabled Source and Service Selection, Integration and Adaptation (CSSSIA) at 17th International World Wide Web Conference (WWW2008), Beijing, China.

Norton, B., Pedrinaci, C., Domingue, J. and Zaremba, M.Semantic Execution Environments for Semantics-Enabled SOA, it – Methods and Applications of Informatics and Information Technology, eds. Dimka Karastoyanova,Frank Leymann, 2, pp. 118-121, Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag.

Pedrinaci, C. and Norton, B. Compatible and Related Systems, in eds. Dieter Fensel, Mick Kerrigan, Michal Zaremba, Implementing Semantic Web Services: The SESA Framework, pp. 285-302, Springer.

Gugliotta, A., Domingue, J., Cabral, L., Tanasescu, V., Galizia, S., Davies, R., Villarias, L., Rowlatt, M., Richardson, M. and Stincic, S.Deploying Semantic Web Services-based Applications in the e-Government Domain, Journal on Data Semantics, X, pp. 96-132, Publisher Springer Berlin / Heidelberg.

Domingue, J., Cabral, L., Galizia, S., Tanasescu, V., Gugliotta, A., Norton, B. and Pedrinaci, C.IRS-III: A Broker-based Approach to Semantic Web Services, Journal of Web Semantics, 6, 2, pp. 109-132, Elsevier.

Galizia, S., Gugliotta, A., Pedrinaci, C. and Domingue, J.Applying Semantic Web Services, Workshop: 4th Italian Semantic Web Workshop – Semantic Web Applications and Perspectives (SWAP 2007), Bari – Italy.

Medeiros, A., Pedrinaci, C., Aalst, W., Domingue, J., Song, M., Rozinat, A., Norton, B. and Cabral, L.An Outlook on Semantic Business Process Mining and Monitoring, Workshop: 3rd International IFIP Workshop On Semantic Web & Web Semantics (SWWS ’07) at On The Move Federated Conferences and Workshops.

Lambert, D., Galizia, S. and Domingue, J.Agile elicitation of semantic goals by wiki, Workshop: Human-friendly (Web) Service Description, Discovery and Matchmaking at The 8th International Conference on Web Information Systems Engineering, Nancy, France.

Lambert, D.Integrating services for integrated medicine, Workshop: Semantic Web in Ubiquitous Healthcare at 6th International Semantic Web Conference, Busan, South Korea.

Galizia, S., Gugliotta, A. and Domingue, J.A Trust Based Methodology for Web Service Selection, First IEEE International Conference on Semantic Computing, Irvine, California, US.

Dietze, S., Gugliotta, A. and Domingue, J.Adressing Context-Awareness and Standards Interoperability in E-Learning: A service-oriented Framework based on IRS III, The 6th International Conference on Web-based Learning (ICWL 2007), Edinburgh, UK.

Dietze, S., Gugliotta, A. and Domingue, J.A Semantic Web Services-based Infrastructure for Context-Adaptive Process Support, IEEE 2007 International Conference on Web Services (ICWS), Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.

Dietze, S., Gugliotta, A. and Domingue, J.Context-aware Process Support through automatic Discovery and Invocation of Semantic Web Services, IEEE International Conference on Service-Oriented Computing and Applications (SOCA’07), Newport Beach, California.

Pedrinaci, C. and Domingue, J.Towards an Ontology for Process Monitoring and Mining, Workshop: Semantic Business Process and Product Lifecycle Management (SBPM 2007) at 4th European Semantic Web Conference (ESWC 2007).

Dietze, S., Gugliotta, A. and Domingue, J.A Semantic Web Service oriented Framework for adaptive Learning Environments, European Semantic Web Conference (ESWC) 2007, Innsbruck, Austria.

Tanasescu, V., Gugliotta, A., Domingue, J., Villarias, L., Davies, R., Rowlatt, M., Richardson, M. and Stincic, S.Geospatial Data Integration with Semantic Web Services: the eMerges Approach Geospatial Data Integration with Semantic Web Services: the eMerges Approach, in eds. Arno Scharl, Klaus Tochtermann, The Geospatial Web, Springer.

Stollberg, M. and Norton, B.A Refined Goal Model for Semantic Web Services, The Second International Conference on Internet and Web Applications and Services, Mauritius.

Viceconti, M., Taddei, F., Jan, S., Leardini, A., Clapworthy, G., Domingue, J., Galizia, S. and Quadrani, P. Toward the Multiscale Modelling of the Musculoskeletal System, in eds. Y. Gonzalez and M. Cerrolaza (Eds.), Bioengineering Modeling and Computer Simulation, CIMNE, Barcelona, Spain.

Dietze, S., Gugliotta, A. and Domingue, J.Towards adaptive E-Learning Applications based on Semantic Web Services, Workshop: TENCompetence Open Workshop on Service Oriented Approaches and Lifelong Competence Development Infrastructures, Manchester, UK.

Dietze, S., Gugliotta, A. and Domingue, J.Context-Adaptive Learning Designs by Using Semantic Web Services, Special Issue on IMS Learning Design and Adaptation of Journal of Interactive Media in Education (JIME).

Norton, B. and Pedrinaci, C.3-Level Service Composition and Cashew: A Model for Orchestration and Choreography in Semantic Web Services, Workshop: 2nd International Workshop on Agents, Web Services and Ontologies Merging (AWeSOMe’06) at OnTheMove Federated Conferences (OTM’06), Montpelier, FR.

Gugliotta, A., Tanasescu, V., Domingue, J., Davies, R., Gutierrez-Villarias, L., Rowlatt, M., Richardson, M. and Stin?i?, S.Benefits and Challenges of Applying Semantic Web Services in the e-Government Domain, Semantics 2006, Vienna (Austria), Austrian Computing Society (OCG).

Tanasescu, V., Gugliotta, A., Domingue, J., Villaraas, L., Davies, R., Rowlatt, M., Richardson, M. and Stin?i?, S.Spatial Integration of Semantic Web Services: the e-Merges Approach, Workshop: Terra Cognita 2006, Athens,Georgia, USA.

Pedrinaci, C., Moran, M. and Norton, B.Towards a Semantic Event-Based Service-Oriented Architecture, Workshop: 2nd International Workshop on Semantic Web Enabled Software Engineering (SWESE 2006) at The 5th International Semantic Web (ISWC 2006), Athens, GA, USA.

Gugliotta, A., Davies, R., Gutierrez-Villarias, L., Tanasescu, V., Domingue, J., Rowlatt, M., Richardson, M. and Stin?i?, S.Enhancing Data and Processes Integration and Interoperability in Emergency Situations: a SWS based Emergency Management System, Workshop: First International Workshop on Applications and Business Aspects at Fifth International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC 2006), Athens, Georgia, USA, eds.Elena Paslaru Bontas Simperl,Martin Hepp,Christoph Tempich, CEUR-Workshop proceedings.

Cabral, L., Domingue, J., Galizia, S., Gugliotta, A., Norton, B., Tanasescu, V. and Pedrinaci, C.IRS-III: A Broker for Semantic Web Services based Applications, The 5th International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC 2006), Athens, GA, USA

Tanasescu, V., Gugliotta, A., Domingue, J., Villarias, L., Davies, R., Rowlatt, M., Richardson, M. and Stin?i?, S.A Semantic Web Services GIS based Emergency Management Application, Workshop: Semantic Web Challenge at The 5th International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC06), Athens, Georgia, USA.

Stollberg, M., Moran, M., Cabral, L., Sanchez Nunez, P., Norton, B., Sanchez Nunez, P. and Domingue, J.Experiences from Semantic Web Service Tutorials, Workshop: Semantic Web Education and Training Workshop (SWET’06) at First Asian Semantic Web Conference (ASWC), Beijing, China.

Tanasescu, V., Gugliotta, A., Domingue, J., Villarias, L., Davies, R., Rowlatt, M. and Richardson, M.A Semantic Web GIS based Emergency Management System, Workshop: Workshop on Semantic Web for eGovernment at 3rd Annual European Semantic Web Conference (ESWC 2006), Budva, Montenegro.

Galizia, S.WSTO: A Classification-Based Ontology for Managing Trust in Semantic Web Services, 3rd European Semantic Web Conference, Budva (Montenegro).

Gugliotta, A., Cabral, L. and Domingue, J.Knowledge Modelling for Integrating E-Government Applications and Semantic Web Services, AAAI Spring Symposium Series “Semantic Web meets E-Government”, Stanford University, California, USA.

Viceconti, M., Taddei, F., Petrone, M., Galizia, S., Jan, S. and Clapworthy, G.Towards theVirtual Physiological Human: THE LIVING HUMAN PROJECT, 7th International Symposium on Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering (CMBBE 2006), Antibes Cote d’ Azur, France.

Tanasescu, V. and Domingue, J.Toward User Oriented Semantic Geographical Information Systems, Workshop: 2nd AKT Doctoral Symposium, Aberdeen University, UK.

Domingue, J., Galizia, S. and Cabral, L.The Choreography Model for IRS-III, Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 2006), Hyatt Regency Kauai, Hawaii.

Cabral, L. and Domingue, J.Mediation of Semantic Web Services in IRS-III, Workshop: Mediation in Semantic Web Services (MEDIATE 2005) at International Conference on Service Oriented Computing (ICSOC 2005), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Domingue, J., Galizia, S. and Cabral, L.Choreography in IRS III Coping with Heterogeneous Interaction Patterns in Web Services, International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC 2005), Galway, Ireland.

Norton, B.Experiences with OWL-S, Directions for Service Composition: The Cashew Position, Workshop: OWL: Experiences and Directions, Galway, Ireland.

Gugliotta, A., Cabral, L., Domingue, J. and Roberto, V.A Conceptual Model for Semantically-Based e-Government Portals, The International Conference on E-Government (ICEG2005), Ottawa, Canada.

Norton, B., Foster, S. and Hughes, A.A Compositional Operational Semantics for OWL-S, Workshop: 2nd International Workshop on Web Services and Formal Methods (WS-FM 2005), Versailles, France Formal Techniques for Computer Systems and Business Processes, eds. Mario Bravetti, Leila Kloul, Gianluigi Zavattaro, LNCS 3670, pp. 303-317, Springer.

Sell, D., Cabral, L., Motta, E., Domingue, J. and Pacheco, R.Adding Semantics to Business Intelligence, Workshop: International Workshop on Web Semantics (WebS 2005) in conjunction with the 16th International Conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA 2005), Copenhagen, Denmark.

Gugliotta, A., Cabral, L., Domingue, J., Roberto, V., Rowlatt, M. and Davies, R.A Semantic Web Service-based Architecture for the Interoperability of E-government Services, Workshop: Web Information Systems Modeling Workshop (WISM 2005) in conjunction with The 5th International Conference on Web Engineering (ICWE 2005), Sydney, Australia.

Sell, D., Cabral, L., Motta, E., Domingue, J. and Hakimpour, F.A Semantic Web based Architecture for Analytical Tools, International IEEE Conference on E Commerce Technology, Universitat Munchen, Germany.

Hakimpour, F., Sell, D., Cabral, L., Domingue, J. and Motta, E.Semantic Web Service Composition in IRS III: The Structured Approach, International IEEE Conference on E Commerce Technology, Universitat Munchen, Germany.

Domingue, J., Cabral, L., Galizia, S. and Motta, E.A Position statement on IRS III: A Comprehensive Approach to Creating and Using Semantic Web Services, Workshop: W3C Workshop on Frameworks for Semantics in Web Services, Innsbruck, Austria.

Hakimpour, F., Domingue, J., Motta, E., Cabral, L. and Lei, Y.Integration of OWL-S into IRS-III, Workshop: AKT Workshop on Semantic Web Services, KMi, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK.

Tanasescu, V., Domingue, J. and Cabral, L.OCML Ontologies to XML Schema Lowering, Workshop: First AKT Workshop on Semantic Web Services (AKT-SWS04), KMi, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK.

Domingue, J., Cabral, L., Hakimpour, F., Sell, D. and Motta, E.IRS III: A Platform and Infrastructure for Creating WSMO based Semantic Web Services, Workshop: WSMO Implementation Workshop, Frankfurt, Germany.

Galizia, S. and Domingue, J.Towards a Choreography for IRS-III, Workshop: WSMO Implementation Workshop (WIW), Frankfurt, Germany Proceedings of the Workshop on WSMO Implementations (WIW 2004).

Cabral, L., Domingue, J., Motta, E., Payne, T. and Hakimpour, F.Approaches to Semantic Web Services: An Overview and Comparisons, 1st European Semantic Web Symposium, Heraklion, Greece.

Motta, E., Domingue, J., Cabral, L. and Gaspari, M.IRS II: A Framework and Infrastructure for Semantic Web Services, 2nd International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC2003), Sundial Resort, Sanibel Island, Florida, USA.